昆虫海藻糖及丙酮酸代谢研究进展
摘要：海藻糖（D-Trehalose anhydrous）是非还原性二糖，可以由海藻糖酶分解为葡萄糖并为昆虫的新陈代谢提供能量。海藻糖以高浓度存在于昆虫的血液中，被称为昆虫的“血糖”。丙酮酸代谢在昆虫的能量代谢中居于重要地位：糖酵解、三羧酸循环是昆虫必不可少的代谢途径，丙酮酸（Pyruvic acid）是糖酵解的终产物，丙酮酸激酶是糖酵解过程的关键调控酶。当能量代谢受到干扰时，生长发育、抗逆和滞育等重要生理活动会受到影响。本文综述了前人关于海藻糖代谢和丙酮酸代谢对昆虫的影响，为将来研究丙酮酸激酶对海藻糖代谢的影响提供理论依据。
关键词：海藻糖代谢； 丙酮酸代谢； 海藻糖；
Advances on pyruvate metabolism and trehalose metabolism in insects
Abstract : Trehalose ( D-Trehalose anhydrous ) is a non-reducing disaccharide, which can be decomposed into glucose by trehalose enzyme and provide energy for insect metabolism. Trehalose exists in the blood of insects at high concentrations, which is called the lsquo; blood sugar rsquo; of insects. Pyruvic acid metabolism plays an important role in the energy metabolism of insects. Glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle are essential metabolic pathways for insects. Pyruvic acid is the end product of glycolysis. Pyruvic acid kinase is the key regulatory enzyme in the glycolysis process. When energy metabolism is disturbed, important physiological activities such as growth and development, stress resistance and diapause are affected. This paper reviews the effects of trehalose metabolism and pyruvate metabolism on insects, and provides a theoretical basis for the future study of the effects of pyruvate kinase on trehalose metabolism.
Key words : trehalose metabolism ; pyruvate metabolism ; trehalose ;
一、文献综述
海藻糖（Trehalose）是一种非还原性双糖，广泛存在于细菌、真菌、动物和植物中，海藻糖不仅可以作为能量储存物质为生物题代谢提供能量，同时也可以作为保护因子帮助生物体度过逆境，例如抵抗干燥、高温、低温、氧化等环境压力[1-3]；在植物体内控制花序开花[4]；在哺乳动物体内促进自噬，清除变异蛋白[5]。海藻糖是昆虫血淋巴中最重要的糖类物质，占昆虫血淋巴糖类含量的80%-90%，被称为昆虫的“血糖”。由两分子葡萄糖通过alpha;, alpha;-1,1-半缩醛羟基结合而成。
1海藻糖代谢
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